One hour West of Alberobello in the Puglia region, visitors can find Matera, known as the “cave city.” Matera may be the third-longest continuously inhabited human settlement in the world. It dates back to the Paleolithic period, more than 10,000 years ago!


We signed up for a tour that guided us around the city for about two hours. Along the way, we learned about how the original dwellers lived in caves carved into the rocky hillside. At one overlook, visitors can view original dwelling openings across the gorge that divides the city. At the bottom, a Tibetan-style bridge spans the water where hikers can cross.

Residents abandoned the cave dwellings on the old part of the gorge slopes. They moved across the gorge for more protection. Once there, they constructed new homes, a church, and other essential structures.

The last cave dwelling now stands as a museum for visitors to tour. It was amazing to see how simple the dwelling was. It was remarkable to see how few things were necessary to live a thriving life. We learned about the tradition of gifting rooster ceramics. This tradition symbolizes love and protection in this area.


Over time, the city was built up above ground. It continued to use an underground cistern and plumbing system (ahead of its time) that is still in use today. Beautiful buildings, neighborhoods, and churches were erected that overlook the gorge below.



Our tour was definitely worthwhile, and we learned amazing details of this city’s history. You simply must visit if you are in the area!







































































